.The Independent is a British. Established in 1986 as a politically independent national morning newspaper published in London. It was controlled by 's from 1997 until it was sold to in 2010. The last printed edition of The Independent was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only its digital editions.Nicknamed the Indy, it began as a, but changed to format in 2003. Until September 2011, the paper described itself on the banner at the top of every newspaper as 'free from party political bias, free from proprietorial influence'. It tends to take a pro-market stance on economic issues.The daily edition was named National Newspaper of the Year at the 2004.In June 2015, it had an average daily circulation of just below 58,000, 85 per cent down from its 1990 peak, while the Sunday edition had a circulation of just over 97,000.
Contents.History 1986 to 1990 Launched in 1986, the first issue of The Independent was published on 7 October in format. It was produced by Newspaper Publishing plc and created by,. All three partners were former journalists at who had left the paper towards the end of 's ownership. Was the first chairman of Newspaper Publishing, and Whittam Smith took control of the paper.The paper was created at a time of a fundamental change in British newspaper publishing. Was challenging long-accepted practices of the print unions and ultimately defeated them in the.
Colorado Springs Independent newspaper is the local authority for news, politics, marijuana news, food and drink, arts and entertainment, events, music, film, and sustainability in Colorado Springs. News and information for Anderson, SC area from the Independent Mail.
Consequently, production costs could be reduced which, it was said at the timecreated openings for more competition. As a result of controversy around Murdoch's move to Wapping, the plant was effectively having to function under siege from sacked print workers picketing outside. The Independent attracted some of the staff from the two Murdoch broadsheets who had chosen not to move to his company's new headquarters.
Launched with the advertising slogan 'It is. , and challenging both for centre-left readers and as the newspaper of record, The Independent reached a circulation of over 400,000 by 1989.Competing in a moribund market, The Independent sparked a general freshening of newspaper design as well as, within a few years, a price war in the market sector. When The Independent launched The Independent on Sunday in 1990, sales were less than anticipated, partly due to the launch of the four months prior, although this direct rival closed at the end of November 1990. Some aspects of production merged with the main paper, although the Sunday paper retained a largely distinct editorial staff.1990–1999 In the 1990s, The Independent was faced with price cutting by the Murdoch titles, and started an advertising campaign accusing The Times and The Daily Telegraph of reflecting the views of their proprietors, Rupert Murdoch. It featured spoofs of the other papers' with the words The Rupert Murdoch or The Conrad Black, with The Independent below the main title.Newspaper Publishing had financial problems.
A number of other media companies were interested in the paper. 's media group and (MGN) had bought a stake of about a third each by mid-1994. In March 1995, Newspaper Publishing was restructured with a rights issue, splitting the shareholding into O'Reilly's (43%), (43%), and (publisher of ) (12%).In April 1996, there was another refinancing, and in March 1998, O'Reilly bought the other shares of the company for £30 million, and assumed the company's debt.
Brendan Hopkins headed Independent News, was appointed editor of The Independent, and became editor of The Independent on Sunday. Marr introduced a dramatic if short-lived redesign which won critical favour but was a commercial failure, partly as a result of a limited promotional budget. Marr admitted his changes had been a mistake in his book, My Trade.Boycott left in April 1998 to join the, and Marr left in May 1998, later becoming the 's political editor. Was appointed as the editor.
By this time the circulation had fallen below 200,000. Independent News spent heavily to increase circulation, and the paper went through several redesigns.
While circulation increased, it did not approach the level which had been achieved in 1989, or restore profitability. Job cuts and financial controls reduced the morale of journalists and the quality of the product. 2000–2009 Ivan Fallon, on the board since 1995 and formerly a key figure at The Sunday Times, replaced Hopkins as head of Independent News & Media in July 2002. By mid-2004, the newspaper was losing £5 million per year. A gradual improvement meant that by 2006, circulation was at a nine-year high.In November 2008, following further staff cuts, production was moved to Northcliffe House, in Kensington High Street, the headquarters of.
The two newspaper groups' editorial, management and commercial operations remained separate, but they shared services including security, information technology, switchboard and payroll. 2010–2016 On 25 March 2010, Independent News & Media sold the newspaper to for a nominal £1 fee and £9.25m over the next 10 months, choosing this option over closing The Independent and The Independent on Sunday, which would have cost £28m and £40m respectively, due to long-term contracts. In 2009, Lebedev had bought a controlling stake in the.
Two weeks later, editor resigned.In July 2011, The Independent 's columnist was stripped of the he had won in 2008 after claims, to which Hari later admitted, of plagiarism and inaccuracy. In January 2012, editor of The Independent, told the that the scandal had 'severely damaged' the newspaper's reputation. He nevertheless told the inquiry that Hari would return as a columnist in 'four to five weeks'. Hari later announced that he would not return to The Independent. Contrasted The Independent 's reaction to the scandal unfavourably with the reaction of American newspapers to similar incidents such as the case, which led to resignations of editors, 'deep soul-searching', and 'new standards of exactitude being imposed'. The historian suggested that Hari's fabrications had been an open secret amongst the newspaper's staff and that their internal inquiry was a 'facesaving exercise'. A proportion of articles are now behind a pay wall, that section is titled, 'Independent Minds'.The Independent and The Independent on Sunday endorsed the 'Remain' in the.
From 2016 In March 2016 The Independent decided to close its print edition and become an; the last printed edition was published on Saturday 26 March 2016. The Independent on Sunday published its last print edition on 20 March 2016 and was closed following that.
Content Format and design The Independent began publishing as a broadsheet, in a series of celebrated designs. The final version was designed by Carroll, Dempsey and Thirkell following a commission by who, along with, was unhappy with designs produced by Raymond Hawkey and Michael McGuiness – on seeing the proposed designs, Chancellor had said 'I thought we were joining a serious paper'. The first edition was designed and implemented by Michael Crozier, who was Executive Editor, Design and Picture, from pre-launch in 1986 to 1994.From September 2003, the paper was produced in both broadsheet and tabloid-sized versions, with the same content in each. The tabloid edition was termed 'compact' to distance itself from the more sensationalist reporting style usually associated with 'tabloid' newspapers in the UK. After launching in the London area and then in, the smaller format appeared gradually throughout the UK.
Soon afterwards, Rupert Murdoch's Times followed suit, introducing its own tabloid-sized version. Prior to these changes, The Independent had a daily circulation of around 217,500, the lowest of any major national British daily, a figure that climbed by 15% as of March 2004 (to 250,000). Throughout much of 2006, circulation stagnated at a quarter of a million.
On 14 May 2004, The Independent produced its last weekday broadsheet, having stopped producing a Saturday broadsheet edition in January. The Independent on Sunday published its last simultaneous broadsheet on 9 October 2005, and has since followed a compact design.On 12 April 2005, The Independent redesigned its layout to a more European feel, similar to France's. The redesign was carried out by a Barcelona-based design studio. The weekday second section was subsumed within the main paper, double-page feature articles became common in the main news sections, and there were revisions to the front and back covers. A new second section, 'Extra', was introduced on 25 April 2006.
It is similar to The Guardian 's 'G2' and The Times 's 'Times2', containing features, reportage and games, including. In June 2007, The Independent on Sunday consolidated its content into a news section which included sports and business, and a magazine focusing on life and culture.
On 23 September 2008, the main newspaper became full-colour, and 'Extra' was replaced by an 'Independent Life Supplement' focusing on different themes each day.Three weeks after the acquisition of the paper by and in 2010, the paper was relaunched with another redesign on 20 April. The new format featured smaller headlines and a new pullout 'Viewspaper' section, which contained the paper's comment and feature articles. From 26 October 2010, the same day as its sister paper, i, was launched, The Independent was printed on slightly thicker paper than before and ceased to be full-colour throughout, with many photographs and pictures (though none of those used in adverts) being printed in black and white only. On 11 October 2011, The Independent unveiled yet another new look, featuring a red, sans-serif masthead. In November 2013, the whole newspaper was overhauled again, including new custom fonts and a vertical masthead in black. Front pages Following the 2003 switch in format, The Independent became known for its unorthodox and campaigning front pages, which frequently relied on images, graphics or lists rather than traditional headlines and written news content.
For example, following the Kashmir earthquake in 2005, it used its front page to urge its readers to donate to its appeal fund, and following the publication of the into the death of British government scientist, its front page simply carried the word 'Whitewash?' In 2003, the paper's editor, Simon Kelner, was named 'Editor of the Year' at the awards, partly in recognition of, according to the judges, his 'often arresting and imaginative front-page designs'. In 2008, however, as he was stepping down as editor, he stated that it was possible to 'overdo the formula' and that the style of the paper's front pages perhaps needed 'reinvention'.Under the subsequent editorship of, the campaigning, poster-style front pages were scaled back in favour of more conventional news stories. Sections The weekday, Saturday and Sunday editions of The Independent all included supplements and pull-out subsections:Daily (Monday to Friday) The Independent:. 'Monday Sport': A weekly pull-out containing reports of the previous weekend's sporting events.Saturday's The Independent:. 'Saturday Sport': A weekly pull-out containing reports looking ahead to the weekend's sporting events.
'Radar': A compact, primarily, including television schedules, film and DVD reviews and events listings for the coming week. It also includes a round-up of the '50 best' items in a particular category. — Editor-At-Large. — Theatre., and — 'Comment & Debate'. — 'On The Press'. — 'Out of America'.
— Reviews. — Dance. and Lucinda Rogers — 'The Weasel' (weekly illustrated column 1995–2008). — 'First Up' in The Sunday Review. and — 'Observatory'.
— 'News Analysis' (Regular double-spread). — Opera and Classical. — Rock and PopPhotographers.Longford Prize The Independent sponsors the, in memory of. Related publications Independent on Sunday TypeSunday newspaperFormatPublisherIndependent Print LimitedEditorFounded1990Ceased publication20 March 2016155,661Sister newspapers(2010–2013)indy100numberIndependent on Sunday The Independent on Sunday was the Sunday sister newspaper of The Independent. It ceased to exist in 2016, the last edition being published on 20 March; the daily paper ceasing print publication six days later.The i. Main article:In October 2010, the i, a compact sister newspaper, was launched.
The i is a separate newspaper but uses some of the same material. It was later sold to regional newspaper company, becoming that publisher's flagship national newspaper. The i 's online presence, i100, was restyled as indy100 and retained by Independent News & Media.The (RED) Independent The Independent supported U2 lead singer 's brand by creating The (RED) Independent, an occasional edition that gave half the day's proceeds to the charity.
The first edition was in May 2006. Edited by Bono, it drew high sales.A September 2006 edition of The (RED) Independent, designed by fashion designer, drew controversy due to its cover shot, showing model in for an article about AIDS in Africa. 12 February 2016.
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.Change UK, officially The Independent Group for Change, is a, political party in the United Kingdom. Founded in 2019, it is led. It currently has five (MPs) in the.In February 2019, seven MPs resigned from the to sit as The Independent Group. They were dissatisfied by Labour's leftward political direction under 's leadership, its approach to, and its handling of allegations of. They were soon joined by four more MPs, including three from the governing who disliked their party's approach to Brexit and its perceived move rightward. That April it registered as a political party so as to compete in the under the name Change UK – The Independent Group.
Following the party's failure to secure any seats in that election, six of its eleven MPs left the party, with four going on to form the ' grouping in the, and two joining the. Following a legal dispute with petition website, in June the party adopted its present name.As a pro-EU party, The Independent Group for Change calls for a, in which it would campaign to remain.
On economic issues it has expressed a commitment to the. Logo of The Independent Group, February–April 2019The group was founded by MPs, and, who simultaneously announced their resignations from the on 18 February 2019. Rather than forming a party, the group were a coalition of officially MPs referring to themselves as The Independent Group.Comparisons were made in the media to the who split from the Labour Party to found the in 1981. Four of the seven founding members – Berger, Gapes, Shuker and Leslie – were MPs: they left both parties.
Announcing the resignations, Berger described Labour as, while Leslie said Labour had been 'hijacked by the machine politics of the ' and Gapes said he was 'furious that the Labour leadership is complicit in facilitating '.On the day of the group's launch, founding member Angela Smith appeared on the 's programme, where she said, in a discussion about racism, that: 'The recent history of the party I've just left suggested it's not just about being black or a funny tin. You know, a different. From the community'. The offending phrase was partially uttered, but was widely reported to be 'funny tinge'. Smith apologised shortly afterwards, saying, 'I'm very upset that I misspoke so badly.'
Commentators noted an irony, given that the group had been formed in response to perceived racism.On 19 February 2019, announced her departure from the Labour Party, becoming the first MP to join after the group's formation. Ryan, like Berger, Shuker, Smith and Leslie, had recently lost a vote of no-confidence brought by her constituency party.
On 20 February 2019, three Conservative MPs left their party to join the group:, and, citing the handling of Brexit by the Prime Minister (including 'red lines' which alienated most Remainers); the party's reliance on the (a group supporting a ) and the (DUP) in passing Brexit-related legislation; what they saw as the takeover of the Conservative Party by 'right wing. Hard-line anti-EU' MPs; and lack of concern from the Conservative Party for the 'most vulnerable in society', as reasons for their departure.Umunna rejected the notion of any merger with the, with Soubry calling on and 'like-minded Lib Dems' to join the group. A few former Conservative and Labour parliamentarians publicly declared a switch of allegiance to the new group, while in February some Labour in England left the Party with the intention of aligning with The Independent Group.
Registration as a political party. Rejected emblemThe registration was confirmed by the Electoral Commission on 15 April 2019. The party's proposed emblem, however, was rejected by the Commission, both for inclusion of the TIG acronym which they considered insufficiently well-known, and for use of a.On 15 April 2019, the centrist, which had formed in 2017 but failed to win seats, announced that it would be supporting Change UK – The Independent Group in the European Elections. Change UK welcomed the move, and said it would accept applications from Renew-approved candidates to become Change UK candidates.
European Parliament election. Logo of Change UK – The Independent Group, April–July 2019On 16 April 2019, it was announced that MEPs and had joined Change UK. Both MEPs had been elected for the Conservative Party, but were suspended from the Conservatives after supporting a motion in the saying sufficient progress had not been made in Brexit negotiations to allow trade talks to start. Both Ashworth and Girling are members of the centre-right in the.However, on 10 May, Girling, who decided not to stand in the, encouraged Remain supporters in the South West to vote for the, saying they were 'clearly the lead Remain party in the South West'. Girling and Change UK later said that she had never been a member or one of their MEPs.The party announced on 23 April that it would stand a full slate of candidates in Great Britain for the, including Ashworth, writer (sister of Conservative MPs and ); former BBC journalist; former Conservative MPs and; former Labour MEP; former Labour MPs and; former Liberal Democrat MEP; and the former deputy Prime Minister of Poland.Within a day, controversial tweets, some of an alleged racist nature, by two candidates—including the top candidate for the —were discovered, leading to their withdrawals.
The and anti-racism charity condemned the selection of a third candidate, Nora Mulready, who they said had conflated Islam with terrorism and legitimised the far right; this was dismissed by Mulready and by Change UK as a 'smear campaign'. Prominent journalists have condemned the selection of Rostowski for his anti-gay marriage stance, although he is believed to have since recanted remarks made in 2011 and 2013 about.On 15 May, David MacDonald, who had earlier replaced Joseph Russo as the party's lead candidate in Scotland following controversy over the latter's tweets, defected from the party and encouraged supporters to vote for the. In a newspaper interview, lead Candidate in South West England, described the party as a 'sinking ship', criticised the leadership structure and said that Change UK was a 'terrible' name.On 20 May 2019, interim leader Heidi Allen suggested that the party might not exist at the next general election and hinted at the formation of an alliance with the Liberal Democrats. On 22 May, she said that she and Wollaston wanted to advise Remain supporters to vote tactically for the Liberal Democrats in the European elections outside of London and South East England, but they were overruled by other party members. Allen said she threatened to resign as leader over the issue of whether to endorse the Liberal Democrats in some regions. She denied her party was in disarray.In between the European Parliament polling day and the count, with the Liberal Democrats expected to have done much better in the vote than Change UK, Umunna said that he thought a pact between Change UK and the Liberal Democrats at the next election 'would be sensible'. Allen then said she would go 'one step further' and implied she wanted a merger with the Liberal Democrats.
However, Soubry criticised Allen's tactical voting comments and the idea of any imminent alliance with the Liberal Democrats, describing talk of an alliance as being 'a long way down the line'.The party won no seats in the European elections, garnering 3.3% of the vote overall. Their highest vote was 5.3% in. They were closest to winning a seat in the where they got 4.2% and were 3.1% away from a seat.An internal party report was supposedly critical of some of the MPs for supposedly talking down the party's prospects. Resignations After a meeting of the party's MPs on 4 June 2019, described as 'amicable' by the Financial Times but 'fraught' by the New Statesman, six of the party's MPs – Berger, Shuker, Smith, Umunna, Wollaston and interim party leader Allen – announced their resignation from the party. Logo of The Independent Group for Change, July 2019 onwardAt the time of the party's registration, the petitions website announced that it would challenge the branding, which it regarded as having 'hijacked' its identity. Shortly after announcing themselves as Change UK, Soubry accidentally called the party 'Change.org' in parliament. Threats from the website to sue resulted in the party making an application to the Electoral Commission on 13 June 2019 to change its name to The Independent Group for Change, which was approved on 5 July.
Reactions Labour Party On 19 February 2019, Labour leader responded that he was 'disappointed' by the actions of the MPs leaving Labour. Labour Shadow Chancellor said that Independent Group MPs had a 'responsibility' to resign and fight, as they had been elected as Labour MPs and should seek the approval of the electorate for their new platform. Other Labour Party figures stressed reflection, with deputy leader imploring his party to change in order to stave off further defections., the founder of, said he had 'personal sympathy' for Berger because of the 'hate and abuse' she had suffered. However, the six other former Labour MPs were, in his opinion, malcontents opposed to Corbyn's leadership.Labour MP, who had been asked to respond to a Facebook comment suggesting the group's financial backers were 'Israelis', replied that 'Support from the State of Israel, which supports both and of which Luciana was chair is possible and I would not condemn those who suggest it, especially when the group's financial backers are not being revealed'. After Jewish groups said that she was indulging an, she apologised and withdrew her comment.On 25 February, Labour announced that it would back moves for a second EU referendum in the coming weeks, a move interpreted as being, in part, in reaction to the threat of further defections to The Independent Group.On 19 March, MPs passed a motion put forward by Labour to remove Gapes, as well as non-TIG independent, from their seats on the they held as part of the Labour Party's allocation. They were replaced by Labour MPs.
Gapes called the move 'a sad day for the independence of Select Committees', while Labour said that it was right that the party filled its allocation of seats on the committees. Conservative Party On 20 February 2019, Prime Minister and Conservative leader stated that she was 'saddened' by the departure of Anna Soubry, Sarah Wollaston and Heidi Allen. Former Conservative Prime Minister wrote in a statement on Twitter that he respected but disagreed with the three MPs' decision, as the party needs 'strong voices at every level of the party calling for the modern, compassionate Conservatism that saw the Conservative Party return to office.' Liberal Democrats On 18 February 2019, before the breakaway, leader said that his party would 'work with them in some form' but that his party would not be 'subsumed' by them. On 19 February, Cable later added that he has 'offered a hand of friendship to the new Independent Group' and sees 'the way forward as a collaborative arrangement, a confederation of groups who have a lot in common'.
On 20 February Cable also suggested that the Liberal Democrats would not put up candidates against members of the Independent Group at future elections. On 21 February former Liberal Democrat leader said in a radio interview that it was 'entirely possible' that the two groups could merge to form a new centrist political party.On 23 February, Cable contacted members of The Independent Group to seek support for his proposed parliamentary motion for a second Brexit referendum. The Liberal Democrats signalled support for the amendment, along with the and.In March 2019, it was reported by that the Liberal Democrats and The Independent Group have held discussions about the possibility of forming an electoral alliance where joint candidates would stand under the same 'umbrella'.Cable proposed standing joint candidates with the Greens and Change UK on a common policy of seeking a at the European Parliament elections, but both other parties rejected the idea. On 24 April 2019, an unverified internal Change UK document memo leaked describing their plans to target Liberal Democrat donors and members in an attempt to supplant the Liberal Democrats. Part of the Change UK objectives specified in the memo were 'No mergers, pacts or alliances.' On 26 April, Cable said that Change UK had thrown away opportunities at the had they pooled their strength, but that the Lib Dems and Change UK had agreed a 'non-aggression pact' to discourage 'friendly fire'.
After the Liberal Democrats came second in the European elections and Change UK failed to win any seats, the Liberal Democrats suggested they would make it clear that they would welcome Change UK MPs joining their party (as Change UK MPs and subsequently did). Structure and aims. Leader and Spokesperson for Brexit and Justice,The group was launched as a group of independent MPs with a convenor (initially Gavin Shuker) and spokesperson (initially Chuka Umunna). It was established without a formal policy platform.In March 2019 this structure was changed, as the group applied for registration as a political party with as its leader (on an interim basis until an annual conference could be held).
The party's registration was confirmed in April 2019. In June 2019, Allen left the party and replaced her as leader.The group is expressly pro-European, supporting calls for a on the UK's membership of the European Union, and is considered to be.The group's slogan is 'Politics is broken. Let's change it', and it states that it aims to pursue, rather than those led by ideology, with the group being tolerant of differing opinions. Specific stated values include, freedom of the press, environmentalism, and their.
All of its MPs support a second referendum on the EU. Though the group has not published a manifesto, it lists eleven 'values', including that the government must do 'whatever it takes' to protect national security, as Britain is 'a great country of which people are rightly proud.'
Shuker has stated that 'we back well-regulated business but in return we expect them to provide decent, secure and well-paid jobs' and Leslie has stressed that the group is pro. Moreover, the group has stated it supports a 'diverse, social market economy'.On 14 March 2019, Sarah Wollaston's amendment calling for a second EU referendum was called by the, the first TIG amendment to be called. This was the first time that parliament had the opportunity to directly vote on a second referendum. However, after both the and campaigns advised supporters not to vote for the amendment, and the Labour Party whipped its MPs to abstain, the amendment fell 85–334.Leslie has described the party as offering a home to those on the or in the ' or ' tradition.As of July 2019, the party employs one member of staff on a full-time basis, down from 11 staff employed during the European Parliament election campaign. Funding The group is supported in its aims by The Independent Group (TIG) Ltd (previously named Gemini A Ltd), a non-trading company started by Shuker and registered in England and Wales. Berger stated that the seven founders funded the launch themselves.The group claimed that thousands of donors gave small amounts within days of the launch.
On 23 February 2019, previously a major donor to the Labour Party, was reported to have given financial support to the group; the amount as reported by was £1.5 million. A 'significant' donation to the group was later made by, the former under Labour Prime Minister.The party is not entitled to the parliamentary financial assistance for opposition parties as this is not available to political parties established in the middle of a parliamentary term. Leadership At the time of the group's formation, Gavin Shuker was named as the group's convener and Chukka Umunna as the spokesperson. The nascent group extolled a collective approach to leadership, with Umunna stating that 'all the members of our group have. A responsibility to provide leadership'.Registration as a party mandated having a formal leader. Allen was appointed interim leader when the party was officially formed on 29 March 2019, with the intention that a permanent leader would be elected at a party conference in September. 15 April 2019.
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